TAIPEI (Taiwan News) — Japan’s westernmost garrison near Taiwan is expanding its military role as regional tensions rise, Nikkei Asia reported Thursday.

Located on Yonaguni Island, about 110 kilometers from Taiwan, Camp Yonaguni marked its 10th anniversary with new construction and a growing mission. The base is being upgraded as part of Japan’s southwest defense shift.

Japan Self-Defense Forces first deployed a coastal surveillance unit there in 2016. Since then, an air force radar squadron was added in 2022, followed by electronic warfare personnel in 2024.

Japan’s defense ministry is now preparing to deploy an anti-aircraft electronic warfare unit this year. A surface-to-air missile unit is also planned by 2031, extending air defense coverage closer to Taiwan.

The buildup reflects growing concern over a potential Taiwan contingency involving China. Yonaguni, which lies closer to Taipei than to Okinawa’s capital, is increasingly seen as a front line for monitoring regional activity.

Local attitudes have shifted as the base has expanded. Initial opposition has given way to broader support, with the island’s population rising and economic activity benefiting from the presence of more than 200 personnel and their families.

Still, some residents remain cautious about the base’s evolving role. Japan’s defense ministry said it would focus only on surveillance, but expanding capabilities have raised concerns about the island becoming a military target.

Chinese military activity near Yonaguni has increased in recent years. Missiles landed near the island during drills in August 2022, and Chinese naval vessels and drones have operated in nearby waters and airspace.